HOWTO: OpenWrt, cgminer & BFL Single

发表于 2012-08-29 更新于 2023-11-30 分类于 Bitcoin Disqus：

两个月前出掉几张5850后又弄了个BFL Single回来继续挖bitcoin，一直挂在DIY的NAS上使用。前阵子NAS上raid5损坏(已恢复)，就有想法换个设备挂Single了。在bitcointalk上看到有人在使用DD-WRT跑cgminer，正好手上有闲置的路由器，咱也研究研究。

0.准备

a.Dualwan WR-500U（可以刷OpenWrt的路由器）

b.Debian虚拟机（linux编译环境）

c.BFL Single（cgminer支持的FPGA挖矿设备）

1.固件

到http://downloads.openwrt.org/backfire/10.03.1/ 或http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/（trunk版本需要64位编译环境）下载路由器对应版本的固件给路由刷上。我的路由是brcm47xx系列，下个trunk的openwrt-brcm47xx-squashfs.trx直接在路由的升级页面刷新就OK了。刷新后记得恢复一下默认设置来清除nvram。trunk版本的固件没有包含web配置的组件咋办，那就装个呗，或者直接捅路由的pp :mrgreen: （其实还能用mtd命令清除nvram，不过有的设备操作不当容易变砖,，就不细说了）。

2.编译

http://downloads.openwrt.org/backfire/10.03.1/ 或http://downloads.openwrt.org/snapshots/trunk/ 下载路由器固件对应版本的交叉编译工具链。我下载的是OpenWrt-Toolchain-brcm47xx-for-mipsel-gcc-4.6-linaro_uClibc-0.9.33.2.tar.bz2。在linux编译环境中解压并设置各种变量

export TOOLCHAIN_DIR="/root/OpenWrt-Toolchain-brcm47xx-for-mipsel-gcc-4.6-linaro_uClibc-0.9.33.2/toolchain-mipsel_gcc-4.6-linaro_uClibc-0.9.33.2"
export PATH="$PATH:$TOOLCHAIN_DIR/bin:$TOOLCHAIN_DIR/usr/bin"
export AR="mipsel-openwrt-linux-uclibc-ar"
export AS="mipsel-openwrt-linux-uclibc-as"
export LD="mipsel-openwrt-linux-uclibc-ld"
export NM="mipsel-openwrt-linux-uclibc-nm"
export CC="mipsel-openwrt-linux-gcc"
export CPP="mipsel-openwrt-linux-cpp"
export GCC="mipsel-openwrt-linux-gcc"
export CXX="mipsel-openwrt-linux-g++"
export RANLIB="mipsel-openwrt-linux-uclibc-ranlib"
export LDFLAGS="-L$TOOLCHAIN_DIR/lib -L$TOOLCHAIN_DIR/usr/lib"
export CPPFLAGS="-I$TOOLCHAIN_DIR/include -I$TOOLCHAIN_DIR/usr/include"

下载cgminer的源码开始编译

git clone https://github.com/ckolivas/cgminer.git
cd cgminer
#只启用了Bitforce的支持，参数请参考源里的README
#依赖包就不写了，缺啥就apt-get补啥吧
CFLAGS="-Os -s -Wall -march=mips32 -mtune=mips32 -D_GNU_SOURCE" ./autogen.sh "--disable-opencl --disable-adl --without-curses --without-libudev --disable-icarus --disable-modminer --disable-ztex --enable-bitforce --host=mips-linux"

在编译前源码有个地方要修改下，不然编译会报错终止

cgminer.c: In function 'hashmeter': cgminer.c:3773: warning: implicit declaration of function 'roundl' cgminer.c:3773: warning: incompatible implicit declaration of built-in function 'roundl'

Orz…OpenWrt的math库函数不全用编辑器打开miner.c 找到

global_hashrate = roundl(rolling) * 1000000;

把roundl改为round之后就可以编译成功了，至于修改之后有啥后果，非码农表示不知道。编译好的cgminer就是我要的文件。

3.配置

把路由的网络配置好，能够访问互联网就可以了，其它的按需配置吧。安装程序和硬件需要的包
opkg update opkg install kmod-usb-core kmod-usb-serial kmod-usb-serial-ftdi kmod-usb2 usbutils screen syslog-ng
修改/etc/modules.d/65-usb-serial-ftdi文件内容为
ftdi_sio vendor=0x0403 product=0x6014
重启路由，现在插入设备lsusb和demsg可以看到我的BFL Single了

root@OpenWrt:~# lsusb
…
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 002: ID 0000:0000
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 0bda:8187 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8187 Wireless Adapter
Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0403:6014 Future Technology Devices International, Ltd FT232H Single HS >USB-UART/FIFO IC
…

root@OpenWrt:~# dmesg
…
[ 20.844000] usb 1-1.2: new high-speed USB device number 4 using ehci-platform
[ 20.952000] ftdi_sio 1-1.2:1.0: FTDI USB Serial Device converter detected
[ 20.960000] usb 1-1.2: Detected FT232H
[ 20.964000] usb 1-1.2: Number of endpoints 2
[ 20.968000] usb 1-1.2: Endpoint 1 MaxPacketSize 512
[ 20.976000] usb 1-1.2: Endpoint 2 MaxPacketSize 512
[ 20.980000] usb 1-1.2: Setting MaxPacketSize 512
[ 20.984000] usb 1-1.2: FTDI USB Serial Device converter now attached to ttyUSB0
…

现在可以把编译好的cgminer传到路由上测试了
scp root@xxx:/ooo/cgminer/cgminer /bin/cgminer chmod +x /bin/cgminer cgminer -o pit.deepbit.net:8332 -u xxx -p ooo -S /dev/ttyUSB0
程序运行起来就基本OK了，接下来把启动脚本加上就打完收工在/etc/init.d/下创建如下三个文件serialmodules，CGMiner，cgminer.sh serialmodules

#!/bin/sh /etc/rc.common
#init script mod from https://github.com/pshep/cgminer/downloads
START=45

prefix=
export PATH=${prefix}/bin:${prefix}/sbin:${prefix}/usr/sbin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

NAME=serialmodules
SCRIPT=${0##*/}

EXTRA_COMMANDS="status"

    status() {
        lsmod  grep -e ftdi_sio -e usbserial
        }
    start() {
        KERNEL=`uname -r`
        if cd /lib/modules/$KERNEL ; then
          logger "${SCRIPT}" "inserting serialmodules"

          /sbin/insmod usbserial.ko
          /sbin/insmod ftdi_sio.ko vendor=0x0403 product=0x6014

          cd - 2>&1 >/dev/null
        fi
        }
    stop() {
        KERNEL=`uname -r`
        if cd /lib/modules/$KERNEL ; then
          logger "${SCRIPT}" "removing serialmodules"

        /sbin/rmmod usbserial.ko
        /sbin/rmmod ftdi_sio.ko
    
          cd - 2>&1 >/dev/null
        fi
        }
    restart() {
        stop
        sleep 1 
        start
        }

CGMiner

#!/bin/sh /etc/rc.common
#init script mod from https://github.com/pshep/cgminer/downloads
START=99

prefix=
export PATH=${prefix}/bin:${prefix}/sbin:${prefix}/usr/sbin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

SCRIPTDIR=${prefix}/etc/init.d
SCRIPT=${0##*/}

[ -e ${CONF} ]  logger "${SCRIPT}" "WARNING: ${CONF} does not exist"

    start() {
        if pidof cgminer >/dev/null ; then
        echo "cgminer already running" 
        else
        logger "${SCRIPT}" "Starting cgminer:" 
        screen -dmS miner ${SCRIPTDIR}/cgminer.sh 
        fi
        }
        
    stop() {
        if ! pidof cgminer >/dev/null ; then
        echo "cgminer is already stopped"
        else
        logger "${SCRIPT}" "Stopping cgminer:" 
        killall -s SIGINT cgminer 2>/dev/null 
        sleep 3 
        killall screen 2>/dev/null 
        fi
        }

    restart() {
        stop 
        echo "waiting 10 seconds..." 
        sleep 10 
        start 
        }

cgminer.sh

#!/bin/sh
#init script mod from https://github.com/pshep/cgminer/downloads
unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH
unset LD_PRELOAD

prefix=
CONFDIR=${prefix}/etc
CONF=${CONFDIR}/cgminer.conf
LOGDIR=${prefix}/var/log
TTYNAME=ttyUSB*
TTYDIR=/dev/

while true ; do
  DEVS=`find ${TTYDIR} -type c -name "${TTYNAME}"`
  NOW="`date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`"
  LOGFILE=${LOGDIR}/${NOW}.$$.log
  ${prefix}/bin/cgminer -c ${CONF} --api-listen -S ${DEVS} -T -Q 2 -q 2>${LOGFILE}
  sleep 30
done

赋予三个文件可执行权限
chmod +x serialmodules CGMiner cgminer.sh
设置为开机启动
/etc/init.d/serialmodules enbale /etc/init.d/CGMiner enbale
别忘了在/etc下面创建cgminer的配置文件,给个范例 cgminer.conf

{
"pools" : [
        {
                "url" : "pit.deepbit.net:8332",
                "user" : "xxx",
                "pass" : "ooo"
        },
        {
                "url" : "mine3.btcguild.com:8332",
                "user" : "xxx",
                "pass" : "ooo"
        }
],

"failover-only" : true,
"api-allow" : "W:192.168.0/24"
}

完鸟。

4.补充

可以安装http+php来使用源码里的miner.php查看cgminer的状态。